The battery management system (BMS) is the key development for energy storage systems,\nand battery balancing is an important subsystem of the BMS. However, with rapid development of\nsupercapacitors, future energy storage cells are not constrained by one type, while different types of\ncells may form a source package (SP). Furthermore, the introduction of second-life batteries from\nretired electric vehicles promotes the demand of effective balancing systems for SPs with hybrid\ncells, as well as the requirement that balancing should be extended to any preset ratio rather than\n1:1. This paper proposes a novel tapped inductor balancing circuit that allows any ratio of voltage\nbalancing for hybrid energy storage cells. The analysis of the circuit, simulation and experiment\nresults are presented to demonstrate its effectiveness in handling hybrid source balancing.
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